While taking philosophy in college, I had a professor pose the question, “Is God good because the things He tells us to do are good, or are the things God tells us to do good because God is good?” Basically, the professor was asking if goodness was a quality that God possessed (does goodness exist in and of itself) or is goodness defined by God Himself (are other things good because they are like God)? To explain the question, he asked, “What if God told you to destroy an entire race of people — to commit genocide? Would that command still be good? If so, would it be good because God commanded it?” The professor thought he was speaking hypothetically — he thought he was asking, “Suppose God asked you to do something completely abhorrent. Would the command still be good? Would God still be good?”
Unfortunately, the professor apparently was not familiar with the Bible, because this is not a hypothetical question. God commanded the Israelites to do exactly that in Deuteronomy 20:16-18:
…in the cities of the nations the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance, do not leave alive anything that breathes. 17 Completely destroy them—the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites—as the LORD your God has commanded you. 18 Otherwise, they will teach you to follow all the detestable things they do in worshiping their gods, and you will sin against the LORD your God.
This passage, and others like it, have troubled me for a long time. As I have said over and over again on this blog, I believe God is always, always, always good. He cannot be otherwise; it would be contrary to His very nature. As James writes, "Every good and perfect gift is from above, coming down from the Father of the heavenly lights, who does not change like shifting shadows.". But this leads to an apparant contradiction. If God is always good, how could He command the Israelites to utterly destroy entire nations of people — men, women, children, even babies — when they moved into the Promised Land? What justice — what goodness — is there in slaughtering the defenseless? How does that picture reconcile with a belief in an "always good, always loving" God?
The answer, I believe, is that God knew what the outcome of not following His command would be. Judges 2:1-3 tells that God rebuked the Israelites for failing to follow His directive:
The angel of the LORD…said, "I brought you up out of Egypt and led you into the land that I swore to give to your forefathers. I said, ‘I will never break my covenant with you, 2 and you shall not make a covenant with the people of this land, but you shall break down their altars.’ Yet you have disobeyed me. Why have you done this? 3 Now therefore I tell you that I will not drive them out before you; they will be thorns in your sides and their gods will be a snare to you."
If you read the later history of Israel in 1st and 2nd Kings, you will see that this is exactly what happened. Even Solomon strayed, worshipping Ashtoreth, Molech, and Chemosh, gods of the people that Israel failed to drive out of Canaan.
This may not be a completely satisfactory answer to the question of God’s goodness — and perhaps at a later date, I will explore that answer in greater detail — but it is good enough for what I would like to discuss right now. You see, the Torah is rich in detail and foreshadowing, and this story is no exception. Under the Old Covenant, the descendants of Abraham had a promise from God for a land of their own. Under the New Covenant, we have the same thing…only our Promised Land is our heart.
Just as the inhabitants of Canaan drew Israel away from their Covenant relationship with God, the inhabitants of our heart — our lusts, our desires, our sinful nature — want to draw us away from our Covenant relationship with God. Furthermore, just as the Israelites were commanded to utterly destroy the inhabitants of Canaan so that they (the Israelites) might remain pure and holy, we are commanded to utterly destroy the old, sinful nature that was in our hearts before we became followers of Jesus so that we might remain pure and holy. Colossians 3 tells us to "Put to death, therefore, whatever belongs to your earthly nature: sexual immorality, impurity, lust, evil desires and greed, which is idolatry," and Ephesians 4 tells us, "…put off your old self, which is being corrupted by its deceitful desires; 23to be made new in the attitude of your minds; 24and to put on the new self, created to be like God in true righteousness and holiness." If we do not completely root out all of these "inhabitants" of our old heart, we, like the Israelites, will find ourselves chasing after things that are not of God.
God wants all of our heart; He will not settle for 99% of it. Therefore, I can give no quarter to even a root of evil in my heart. As someone said to me when I was still a teenager, "If you are trying to find out how close you can get to sin before crossing over the line, you’ve already crossed it."
Rather, we MUST pray like David did: "Search me, O God, and know my heart; test me and know my…thoughts. 24 Point out anything in me that offends you, and lead me along the path of everlasting life."